Management of traumatic dental injuries in a hemophiliac patient: A challenge! Case report with nine years follow-up.

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are frequently associated with an injury pattern that requires accurate diagnosis for developing the appropriate treatment plan. When children with special healthcare needs, i.e., Hemophilia experience TDIs, managing the situation becomes a challenging task for pediatric dentists due to the requirement of a multidisciplinary approach in their care. This case report highlights the successful management of extrusive luxation injury of a young permanent tooth with an open apex in an eight-year-old male child with severe Hemophilia A. After a follow-up of nine years, the pulp showed significant healing with physiological closure of the apical foramen. The study further emphasizes that timely management of such injuries can lead to improved tooth prognosis.

Prosthetic Management with Removable Partial Dentures in Pediatric Dental Care: Case Series.

Aim: This case series elaborates on the importance, advantages, and clinical applications of removable partial dentures as prosthetic rehabilitation in pediatric dental patients. Background: Tooth loss in children is a measure of dental disease with multiple determinants. There are several potential sequelae as a result of tooth loss. Early treatment and follow-up are the keys to the successful rehabilitation of young patients with missing teeth. It is critical that oral rehabilitation is started early to maintain and correct oral functions. Removable prostheses are the commonly selected treatment options for young patients because of the continuous growth and development of maxillary and mandibular bones. Dental prosthetic appliances in pediatrics must be planned with respect to the special conditions that lead to tooth loss or damage. Case description: The present case series is a compilation of four cases describing the esthetic, functional, and psychological rehabilitation of children with missing teeth, either hereditary/genetic (ectodermal dysplasia) or due to premature tooth loss (trauma). Conclusion: Prosthetic rehabilitation with a removable partial denture in children requires a specific management strategy. A multidisciplinary approach is needed under the constant supervision of pediatric dentists as well as regular check-ups with clinical and radiographical examinations. How to cite this article: Goswami M, Chauhan N. Prosthetic Management with Removable Partial Dentures in Pediatric Dental Care: Case Series. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(3):534-540.

Antimicrobial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite, saline, and Er, Cr:YSGG laser-assisted disinfection in root canal treatment of primary molars: An in vivo study.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Saline, and Er, Cr:YSGG laser-assisted disinfection through microbiological analysis in root canal treatment of primary molars. Materials and Methods: Forty-five primary teeth were selected for this study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the age group of 4-8 years and then randomly allocated to Three Groups A, B, and C. In Group A, during root canal treatment, irrigation was done using NaOCl, in Group B, laser-assisted disinfection was done using Er, Cr:YSGG laser, and in Group C, saline was used as an irrigating agent. This was followed by obtaining pre- and postirrigation samples from the canals for microbiological investigation in all the groups. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Science-21 (SPSS-21). Results: NaOCl was more effective against aerobic bacteria while Er, Cr:YSGG laser was more effective against anaerobic bacteria when used for disinfection in root canal treatment. There was a significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The study showed that NaOCl and Er, Cr:YSGG laser have antimicrobial effects when used for disinfection in root canal treatment of primary teeth. Moreover, the study also shows that Er, Cr:YSGG laser may be used as a valuable tool for laser-assisted disinfection in root canal treatment of primary teeth.

Oral Health Considerations and Dental Management for Epileptic Children in Pediatric Dental Care.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Epilepsy generally begins in childhood, potentially impeding education, employment, social relationships, and the development of a sense of self-worth. The number of decayed and missing teeth, the degree of abrasion, and periodontal indices are significantly worse in patients with epilepsy. Epileptic patients require special care during dental treatment. A seizure episode in a dental clinic is a medical emergency, and it is imperative as an oral health care provider to have adequate knowledge about this condition in order to render safer dental care to epileptic patients. There is a paucity of information in the medical literature on the dental management of epileptic patients. The purpose of this case series is to elaborate on the oral health considerations in epileptic patients and educate oral healthcare providers on the diagnosis, treatment, and emergency management of epilepsy, along with special dental treatment needs in epileptic patients. The case series is a compilation of two cases of petit mal epilepsy and one case of generalized tonic-clonic seizure with detailed descriptions of preventive seizure measures and dental management undertaken during the treatment of patients. How to cite this article: Goswami M, Johar S, Khokhar A. Oral Health Considerations and Dental Management for Epileptic Children in Pediatric Dental Care. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(1):170-176.

Radicular Cyst with Primary Mandibular Molar: A Rare Occurrence.

Aim: This case report aims to describe the importance of early diagnosis, various clinical features, and management of radicular cyst with primary mandibular molar. Background: Radicular cyst is an odontogenic inflammatory cyst in origin seen more frequently in permanent dentition and rarely in the primary dentition. It can develop due to pulp injuries or pulp necrosis caused by deep dental caries or dental trauma. It may adversely affect the normal development and eruption of the permanent succedaneous teeth. Case description: We report a case of radicular cyst in association with the primary mandibular molar and its therapeutic management. Conclusion: The efforts in diagnosing and managing radicular cyst when associated with primary teeth hold a good impact on a child's oral health status. Good amount of bone healing and development of the succedaneous permanent tooth bud in its normal position were observed when managed appropriately. Clinical significance: Early diagnosis, proper treatment planning, appropriate management, and regular follow-ups of radicular cyst in primary dentition hold great importance for pediatric dentists as well as general dentists in routine dental practice.

Evaluation of the satisfaction level of patients visiting dental emergency services.

Context: Inadequate data is available of patient satisfaction in dental emergency departments in India. Aim: This study was undertaken with the aim to evaluate the satisfaction level of patients visiting emergency services of a dental institute in an Indian city. Settings and Design: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional exploratory study was designed over a period of 2 months. Subjects and Methods: A total of 51 subjects visiting the dental emergency services after routine working hours participated in this questionnaire-based study and submitted their responses. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: A statistically significant correlation (P < 0.05) was observed between effectiveness of the treatment given in terms of relief from complaints with the experience at reception, rating the hospital in terms of overall waiting time for any service with ambience (P = 0.031), between effectiveness of the treatment given in terms of control/relief from complaints (P = 0.00), 'rating patient's experience with "on-duty doctor" (response time, behavior, appearance, attitude etc.), rating the hospital in terms of overall waiting time for any service (P = 0.010), experience' with nursing staff (responsive, courteous, polite) and rating the hospital in terms of overall waiting time for any service. Conclusions: Emergency care where patients were satisfied included reception, greeting while entering the department, ambience of the hospital and the Emergency Department, and good experience with the on-duty doctor, nursing staff, and security. Waiting time for treatment at emergency care was less. Recommending this hospital to others was statistically significant with the experience of the patient with the staff.

Impact of socioeconomic factors on deciduous teeth eruption among infants born after low-risk pregnancy compared to infants diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction.

Aim: The aim is to assess the impact of socioeconomic factors on deciduous teeth eruption among infants born after low-risk pregnancy and infants diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Materials and Methodology: The cross-sectional study included 110 neonates recruited at birth using stratified random sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Neonates diagnosed without IUGR were allocated to Group I (n = 55) and those diagnosed with IUGR were allocated to Group II (n = 55). The perinatal case history was recorded, followed by intraoral examination at birth, 6 months, and monthly up to 1 year or till first evidence of teeth eruption. Results: The difference between both groups based on socioeconomic status (SES) was found statistically significant (P = 0.043). The first evidence of eruption of deciduous teeth was found delayed in Group II (P = 0.0001). Secondary school education was found statistically significant between both the groups (P = 0.024). The difference between the two groups based on religion (P = 0.353) and gravidity (P = 0.571) was found statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Lower SES and secondary maternal education can be considered statistically significant risk factors of IUGR and delayed deciduous teeth eruption. No correlation of IUGR with religion and gravidity was found.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Antibiotic Pastes for Root Canal Disinfection.

Aim and objective: To compare the efficacy of triple antibiotic paste (TAP) and double antibiotic paste (DAP) for root canal disinfection during revascularization of immature pulpless teeth. Materials and methods: A sample of 20 immature teeth in subjects aged 8-13 years was selected for a revascularization procedure. The teeth were randomly distributed in two groups corresponding to the medicament received-TAP group (n = 10) and DAP group (n = 10). Microbial samples were collected using dry paper points at the beginning of treatment and thereafter every 3 weeks till sterile reading was obtained. Microbial samples were then sent to the microbiological lab for identification. Results: A variety of opportunistic microbes were detected in samples obtained before placement of medicaments with no significant difference between the two medicament groups. The efficacy of TAP to eliminate microbes was lower in comparison to DAP after 3 weeks of placement of medicaments, whereas it was found to be more efficacious in comparison to DAP after 6 weeks and no significant difference (p> 0.05) was observed between the two groups. Conclusion: Immature permanent teeth with pulp necrosis can achieve complete root development with regenerative endodontic technique. The use of antibiotic pastes including TAP and DAP can help achieve a successful outcome with thorough decontamination of the root canal. How to cite this article: Goswami M, Baveja CP, Bhushan U, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Two Antibiotic Pastes for Root Canal Disinfection. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S12-S17.

Assessment of Traumatic Dental Injuries among Institutionalized Orphan Children: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are impact injuries to the teeth and surrounding hard and soft tissues. It can range from minor tooth fracture to extensive dentoalveolar damage. It affects not only the physiology and function but also the esthetics of the child. They have a high prevalence among children. Children living in orphanage institutions due to parental absence or abandonment are more prone to TDI due to inadequate individualized attention, neglect toward oral health, and lack of awareness regarding TDI among the caretakers. However, the data about the prevalence of TDI among institutionalized orphan children are limited and lacking. Aim and objective: To determine the prevalence of TDIs in institutionalized orphan children. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in six institutions for orphan children in New Delhi, India. A total of 500institutionalized orphan children in the age group of 5-14 years were included in the study. A single calibrated examiner performed the clinical examination in the study sample to evaluate the dental trauma status using the WHO oral health assessment form for children 2013. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science-21 (SPSS-21). Results: The prevalence of TDI was found to be 5.8% among the institutionalized orphan children with a higher prevalence among boys when compared with girls. The most common tooth involved was maxillary central incisors. Enamel and dentin fractures were the most prevalent TDIs. Conclusion: It is the need of the hour to gather more data regarding TDI and assess their risk factors. This can help in the formulation of plans to raise awareness regarding the prevention and management of TDIs in orphan children with special needs. Adequate knowledge regarding TDI among caretakers can also help prevent these injuries and provide timely intervention for the same. How to cite this article: Goswami M, Bhardwaj S. Assessment of Traumatic Dental Injuries among Institutionalized Orphan Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(1):124-127.

Success of medicaments and techniques for pulpotomy of primary teeth: An overview of systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Pulpotomy is an effective, vital pulp therapy procedure for caries-affected or traumatized primary teeth. Though its efficacy is widely accepted, the superiority of medicaments and techniques remains debatable. AIM: The aims of this review were to compare the success rates of various pulpotomy medicaments or techniques, assess the methodological quality of reviews, and grade the level of evidence for each comparison. DESIGN: This review followed the principles of evidence-based medicine and recommendations for the overview of systematic reviews. An a priori protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42021244489). A comprehensive literature search was performed by two reviewers, and studies were selected from various databases according to predefined criteria. Two reviewers independently used a self-designed pilot-tested form to extract data from the selected studies. A quality analysis was performed using A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) and the ROBIS tool. Reporting characteristics and overlap of the primary studies were also assessed. We used modified Köhler's criteria for evaluating the quality of evidence for outcomes of included systematic reviews and meta-analyses. RESULTS: The scrutiny of 62 full-text articles resulted in the inclusion of eight systematic reviews. The quality of four of the reviews was found to be critically low, and the overlap of primary studies in the meta-analyses was found to be high. Pulpotomy medicaments/techniques, except calcium hydroxide, had success rates of more than 80% for all domains and time periods. Most of the comparisons revealed no differences in the clinical, radiographic, or overall success rates. Mineral trioxide aggregate, however, was found to have better radiographic and overall success rates than calcium hydroxide at periods greater than 12 and 18 months. It also had a greater radiographic success rate than full-strength/1:5 diluted and full-strength formocresol at 24 months. Formocresol was found to have better overall success rates than calcium hydroxide at all time periods and better radiographic success rates at 12 months. Only 12 of the 63 comparisons had suggestive or weak evidence, whereas all others had either negligible evidence or insufficient data. CONCLUSIONS: The pulpotomy medicaments/techniques, except calcium hydroxide, showed success rates of more than 80%, whereas most comparisons revealed no differences. Mineral trioxide aggregate, however, was found to be better than calcium hydroxide and formocresol in several respects. This study highlights the lack of evidence regarding the choice of pulpotomy agents for the treatment of caries-affected primary teeth and elucidates the domains that require primary studies in the future.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Eating Disorders among Children and Adolescents Engaged in Sports: A Cross-sectional Study.

Aim and objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding eating disorders among children and adolescents, engaged in sports. Materials and methods: A total sample of 650 children was recruited and further divided into two groups on the basis of age. Group, I comprised of children and adolescents between 10-14 years of age and Group II between 15-18 years of age. A self-instructed open ended questionnaire was used in English and Hindi. The sports included were Basketball, Yoga, Wrestling, Judo, Cricket, Gymnastics, Boxing, Badminton, Table Tennis and others based on the availability of children in each sport. Result: The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice of Bulimia nervosa in Group I was 0.228 ± 0.41, 2.69 ± 0.586, and 0.000, respectively. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice of Anorexia nervosa in Group I was 4.76 ± 1.2, 0.22 ± 0.41, and 1.17 ± 0.908. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice of Binge eating disorders in Group I was 0.22 ± 0.41, 1.65 ± 0.50, and 0.18 ± 0.39, respectively. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice of Bulimia nervosa in Group II were 3.717 ± 1.21, 0.34 ± 0.56, and 0.145 ± 0.35. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice of Anorexia nervosa in Group II were 5.26 ± 1.17, 0.34 ± 0.56, and 1.12 ± 0.85. The mean knowledge, attitude, and practice of Binge eating disorders in Group II were 0.34 ± 0.56, 1.76 ± 0.42, and 0.28 ± 0.60. Conclusion: The likely chance of developing an eating disorder and habits practiced related to Bulimia nervosa and Anorexia nervosa was found higher among adolescents between 15-18 years of age. However, these findings were found similar for Binge eating disorders among both age groups. How to cite this article: Goswami M, Kumar G, Garg A, et al. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Eating Disorders among Children and Adolescents Engaged in Sports: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(2):135-142.

Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries among 1- to 14-year-old Children: A Retrospective Study.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of dental trauma in children in the age-group of 1 to 14 years in New Delhi. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study conducted from March 2017 to December 2017. A total of 6,765 children between 1 years and 14 years of age, who reported in OPD were evaluated for age, gender, type of trauma, and involvement of soft tissue. RESULTS: The mean age of participating children was 9.98 ± 1.704 and trauma was present in 1.25% of children. Ellis class IV type of trauma was seen in maximum (36.5%) cases with maxillary central incisors being most frequently injured during dental trauma. CONCLUSION: The present retrospective study surveys traumatic dental injuries which are frequently seen. The knowledge of the prevalence and etiology of trauma to anterior teeth is necessary to identify the risk groups, treatment requirements, and strengthening of preventive programs. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Goswami M, Aggarwal T. Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries among 1- to 14-year-old Children: A Retrospective Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(4):467-470.

From Lockdown to Slow Release: Pediatric Dental Services during COVID-19 Pandemic-Emergency Preparedness and Impact on Future.

INTRODUCTION: The emergence of novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led to global pandemic raising significant challenges to the healthcare professionals due to its high transmission rate via droplet spread or direct contact. Pediatric dentists play an important role in the healthcare system by managing dental emergencies in children while taking special measures to practice universal infection control in this COVID-19 pandemic. However, data are limited pertaining to the prevalence, etiology, and treatment provided to children at pediatric dental emergency services during the COVID-19 lockdown period. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period on Pediatric Dental Emergency Services. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted using data of patients aged 0-14 years who visited the Pediatric Dental Emergency Services, during the COVID-19 lockdown period from March 23, 2020, to August 31, 2020. Information regarding age, gender, time of presentation, chief complaint, and treatment were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: This study revealed that dental emergencies in the pediatric dental services were predominantly related to dental pain (54.49%) followed by an abscess (12.35%), traumatic dental injuries (8.42%), and swelling (8.42%). A 5-year-old was the most prevalent age-group who reported dental emergencies. CONCLUSION: Dental pain was the most common chief complaint of patients reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the recent state of affairs obligates the need to strike a balance between the safety of the healthcare professionals and providing optimum dental care to the patients requiring emergency intervention. While dental emergencies are unforeseeable, increasing community awareness about proper at-home care routines and utilizing regular dental preventive measures can potentially reduce the number of emergency visits. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Goswami M, Gogia M, Bhardwaj S. From Lockdown to Slow Release: Pediatric Dental Services during COVID-19 Pandemic-Emergency Preparedness and Impact on Future. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(3):398-402.

Evaluation of eruption of deciduous teeth among infants born after low risk pregnancy compared to infants diagnosed with Intra Uterine Growth Restriction.

PURPOSE: The impact of IUGR on holistic growth of an infant is established however, limited evidence has been reported regarding its implication on eruption of deciduous dentition. AIM: Comparative evaluation of eruption of deciduous teeth among infants born after low risk pregnancy and infants diagnosed with Intra Uterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 110 neonates recruited at birth using stratified random sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Neonates diagnosed without IUGR were allocated to Group I (n = 55) and those diagnosed with IUGR were allocated to Group II (n = 55). Perinatal case history was obtained followed by intraoral examination at birth, 6 months and monthly up to 1 year or till first evidence of teeth eruption. RESULTS: The first evidence of eruption of deciduous teeth was found delayed in Group II (p = 0.0001). The mean gestational age at delivery, estimated fetal weight, frequency of NICU admission, birth weight and infant weight at 6 months was found statistically higher (p = 0.001) in Group I. CONCLUSION: First evidence of deciduous teeth eruption was found delayed among IUGR infants therefore, IUGR along with prematurity, LBW, LSCS delivery, NICU admission can be considered as risk factor for delayed eruption.

"West Syndrome-Infantile Spasms": A Pediatric Case Report.

West syndrome is a rare, severe form of epilepsy with onset in infancy and early childhood. It combines episodes of epileptic spasms that occur in a cluster, an abnormal pattern of interictal electroencephalogram termed as hypsarrhythmia and neuropsychomotor delay. The syndrome mainly results from brain dysfunction in the prenatal, perinatal, or postnatal period and focal lesions early in life may secondarily affect other sites in the brain presenting with some degree of developmental delay and mental retardation. The oral manifestations vary to a large extent presenting as generalized tooth wear, gingival enlargement, multiple white spot lesions, and a high-arched palate. This case report highlights the importance of early diagnosis, various clinical features, and management in a pediatric patient with West syndrome. How to cite this article: Goswami M, Sharma S. "West Syndrome-Infantile Spasms": A Pediatric Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(2):323-326.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Tobacco Vendors toward Selling Tobacco Products to Young Children and Adolescents in Central Delhi.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco consumption by youth is a serious public health problem. Regulation on tobacco sales has been given enough attention in our country, but very less information exists about the knowledge and attitude regarding tobacco laws by tobacco vendors. AIM AND OBJECTIVE: To study the knowledge, attitude, and practices of tobacco vendors regarding the selling of tobacco to children and adolescents up to 18 years of age in the Central Delhi area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total sample size of 60 tobacco vendors was selected by random sampling method. The procedure and objectives of the study were explained to them and written informed consent was obtained. A casual interview of the tobacco vendor was taken and answers given by them were recorded using a questionnaire. After completing the data, statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: The mean age of children and adolescents visiting tobacco shops was 11.83 years and the minimum age was 8 years. It was reported that 19 (31.7%) vendors always asked the age of the child while none of them asked for proof of age. Forty-two (70%) of them reported these children and adolescents visit their shop alone while 18 (30%) reported that they visit with friends. Khaini was the commonest form of tobacco bought/consumed by children and adolescents. Twenty-seven (45%) vendors reported that these children consume tobacco publically. CONCLUSION: Despite knowing various anti-tobacco laws, tobacco vendors are selling harmful tobacco products to children and adolescents. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Verma AR, Goswami M. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Tobacco Vendors toward Selling Tobacco Products to Young Children and Adolescents in Central Delhi. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(1):97-99.

Attitude and practices of parents toward their children's oral health care during COVID-19 pandemic.

RATIONALE: The impact of COVID-19 has affected billions of people affecting nearly all domains of life, including patient's healthcare needs. Due to constrained dental services during lockdown, pediatric dental needs were severely compromised therefore, parental attitude and practices of maintaining child's oral hygiene impose significant impact on child's oral hygiene. AIM: This study aims to assess the attitude and practices of parents toward their children's oral health care during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: The present cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 120 parents selected randomly from the outpatient department after obtaining informed consent. A structured questionnaire was used to assess attitude and practice of parents toward their child's oral hygiene during lockdown in COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: The overall attitude and practice score of parents in maintaining their child's oral hygiene was low, with mean value of 2.36 ± 1.36 and 2.51 ± 1.50, respectively. 60.8% of parents reported the need of dental treatment for their child during the lockdown period whereas 50.8% parents contacted the dentist during this period; majority (37.5%) of which reported due to toothache. 68.3% of parents would like to visit nearby dental hospital for emergencies during lockdown period. Only 33.3% of parents took extra efforts to maintain their child's oral hygiene while 45% made dietary changes in their child's diet to prevent tooth decay. CONCLUSION: The overall attitude and practices of the parents were poor toward the oral health of their children during the lockdown period in COVID-19 pandemic. There is urgent need of increasing awareness among parents regarding the importance of maintaining their child's oral health. The inability to see the doctor should at least encourage better home practice measures for future. The concept of tele-dentistry is very new and will be the need of the coming modern times.

Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding the use of dental operating microscope in pediatric dentistry in India: An online survey.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Literature search shows scarcity of information regarding the use of Dental Operating Microscope (DOM) in children. There are various factors that limit the use of this novel technology by Pediatric Dentists in their practice. The aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of pediatric dentist regarding DOM use in children. METHOD: The present study was a descriptive web based questionnaire study conducted among 363 Pediatric Dentists (PDs) of India. A close-ended questionnaire was prepared to test the KAP regarding microscope use among PDs. Results obtained were analyzed using descriptive analysis in SPSS software and correlation was studied using chi-square test where statistical significance was observed at p â€‹< â€‹0.05. RESULTS: A response rate of 82.1% was observed. Majority (88.9%) of the pediatric dentists were aware of Dental operating Microscope (DOM) usage in their field, however, only 61.4% were aware of its magnification levels. 76.5% participants responded 12oclock position to be the ideal position. Majority (94.0%) agreed that DOM is helpful in locating canals in deciduous teeth. 70.5% think that DOM can increase apprehension of children. 85.2% believed that DOM can aid in behavior management of children through its live visual output. However, 84.2% of the pediatric dentists hadn't used DOM in their practice. CONCLUSION: The knowledge, attitude and practice regarding dental operating microscope among pediatric dentists in India is limited. In the foreseeable future, the use of magnification is likely to become the standard of practice in dentistry.

Prevalence of Shape-related Developmental Dental Anomalies in India: A Retrospective Study.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE: The aim and objective of this study was to review the literature to analyze the prevalence of developmental dental anomalies regarding shape in India. BACKGROUND: Although there have been several studies investigating the prevalence of individual dental anomalies related to shape, only a few studies considered all subtypes and their distribution among genders, especially in India. RESULTS: An electronic search was made in the PUBMED database to review prevalence-based data on developmental dental anomalies related to shape in India up to December 2018. A diverse range of results regarding prevalence of developmental dental anomalies related to shape were seen in these studies due to vast regional, cultural, and ethnic diversities and various environmental factors affecting the tooth development. CONCLUSION: There is a necessity to conduct more study on shape-related dental anomalies because there are very limited studies regarding prevalence of concrescence, dilacerations, and accessory root and various associated factors. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Early diagnosis and timely management of these anomalies can prevent complications. The knowledge on identification and prevalence of dental anomalies helps the dental practitioners improve the treatment plan. The prevalence studies can be of utmost importance in the formulation of oral healthcare programs by using their data to analyze the intensity of dental anomalies. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Goswami M, Bhardwaj S, Grewal N. Prevalence of Shape-related Developmental Dental Anomalies in India: A Retrospective Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(4):407-411.

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Pulpotomy using MTA, Biodentine and Er,Cr:YSGG Laser in primary teeth- A Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical and radiographic evaluation of pulpotomy using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine), and Er,Cr:YSGG laser in primary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-four primary teeth were selected for this study as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the age group of 4-9 years and then randomly allocated to three groups A, B & C. In group A, after removal of coronal pulp, MTA was placed at the floor of pulp chamber. In group B, calcium silicate-based cement (Biodentine) was placed at the floor of pulp chamber. In group C, decontamination of the cavity was done with Er,Cr:YSGG laser. This was followed by placement of permanent restorative material in all the groups. Clinical and radiographic success was evaluated at 3, 6 and 9 months. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Science-21 (SPSS-21). RESULTS: At the end of 9 months, overall success rate of pulpotomy was 85.5%. There was no significant difference among the three groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The study showed that the success of pulpotomy procedure is independent of the type of medicament used for pulpotomy. Moreover, the study also shows that Er,Cr:YSGG laser can be effectively used for pulpotomy procedures.